Both the desktop and server versions of Windows use NT File System. The problem of disk defragmentation has been muted somewhat by the evolution of the Windows file system. But it's only after the defragmentation utility has completed a pass on the logical volume that the disk drive subsystem (whether Fibre Channel, iSCSI, ATA or Serial ATA) uses that information to organize data stored on the physical disk platters. They also improve performance by positioning files at specific locations within the directory in order to speed up tasks such as booting and directory access. These utilities perform a similar operation at the volume level. Instead, the tools reviewed here-PerfectDisk 7, Diskeeper 9 and the Disk Defragmenter utility included with Windows XP-all defragment logical hard drives (or volumes) created by the operating system's file system. However, no disk utility on the market does that. That process is called physical defragmentation. The process, a little like putting together a jigsaw puzzle, speeds up disk performance by allowing the drive's heads to read an entire file without having to jump back to the drive index for more lookups. The fragments are moved around, like the pieces in a shell game, so that each file occupies a unified, contiguous chunk of real estate on the hard drive. Most people think of disk defragmentation as a process that involves gathering and reordering pieces of data files that have been scattered on a hard drive.
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